Efektivitas Balikpapan City Trans dalam Menurunkan Kemacetan (Studi Kasus Balikpapan City Trans Rute Koridor B)

Abstract

Traffic congestion in Balikpapan City continues to increase due to rapid growth of private vehicle ownership, which is not proportional to available road capacity. To address this issue, the Balikpapan City Government has introduced the Balikpapan City Trans (BCT) Corridor B as a mass public transportation service expected to encourage people to shift from private vehicles to public transport. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Balikpapan City Trans Corridor B in reducing traffic congestion in Balikpapan City and to evaluate the relationship between BCT operational performance and traffic conditions. This research employed a quantitative descriptive approach through traffic surveys, field observations, public transport operational performance measurements (headway and load factor), and questionnaire distribution to 100 respondents selected using the simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed based on the Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines (PKJI) 2023 using traffic volume, road capacity, degree of saturation, level of service, headway, and load factor as the main indicators. The results indicate that the effectiveness of BCT Corridor B remains relatively low. Most road segments recorded degree of saturation values ranging from 0.72 to 0.87 with Level of Service (LOS) D–E, the average headway exceeded 21 minutes, private vehicles remained the dominant mode of transportation, and bus occupancy levels were not yet optimal. Consequently, the contribution of BCT in reducing traffic congestion has not been significant. Therefore, improving service quality through additional buses, shorter headway, optimized operational schedules, and stronger policies encouraging a shift from private vehicles to public transportation is recommended.